Alex Bendersky
Healthcare Technology Innovator

Billing for Athletic Training Services: Codes, Software & Step-by-Step Process

The Top 20 Voices in Physical Therapy You Should Be Following for Innovation, Education, and Impact
SPRY
July 23, 2025
5 min read
Alex Bendersky
Brings 20+ years of experience advancing patient care
through digital health solutions and value-based care models.
Last Updated on -  
July 23, 2025
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Billing for Athletic Training Services: Codes, Software & Step-by-Step Process
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NFL Teams

    NFL power rankings experts typically focus on wins and losses, but the real difference-maker operates quietly in training rooms throughout the league.

    Player availability means everything - not just ability. The 2025 NFL power rankings show teams with better medical staffs, rehabilitation protocols, and strength programs consistently outperform teams plagued by injuries. The Baltimore Ravens, the healthiest team last season, showed impressive stats with a 78.6% chance to make the playoffs and 10.4 projected wins. The Philadelphia Eagles used their strong run game and excellent medical staff to achieve a 76.1% playoff probability. Both teams now lead the current power rankings with +700 odds.

    Talent alone doesn't separate the NFL's best teams from others. The Eagles' offensive line helped Saquon Barkley stay healthy enough to rush for 2,000 yards last season. The Ravens managed to keep Lamar Jackson's explosive dual-threat capability intact, which led the NFL in both yards per pass attempt (8.8) and yards per carry (6.6).

    This definitive 2025 NFL power rankings analysis focuses purely on physical dominance. Teams are measured by their injury prevention, rehabilitation efficiency, and performance staff integration. NFL training room professionals already understand these rankings show what truly counts - converting rehabilitation into actual game time performance.

    Top Voices on Durability & Preparation

    Physical dominance isn’t just measured in stats, it’s built long before kickoff. To understand what separates the healthiest teams in our rankings from the rest, we asked performance experts for their perspective on what truly drives availability and resilience.

    The preseason isn’t just about getting reps in, it’s about building durability at every level. The best athletes are training the nervous system as much as the muscles. Sleep, mobility, force absorption, and stress management aren’t extras, they’re the edge.
    Headshot

    Dr. Jaime Mor

    Sports Physical Therapist & Owner at Rehabletics

    Preseason is where you shift your focus from basic strength to functional movement pattern exercises. Strength and power lifts integrate with plyos and contrast training for advanced athletes.
    Headshot

    Ed Downs

    CEO - Engineering Sports Performance LLC

    As the season warms up, recovery can’t be ignored. Proper nutrition, hydration, sleep, and technologies like NormaTec, red light therapy, and cold plunges build resiliency and prevent injuries.
    Headshot

    Trent Nessler

    MPT, DPT, Owner at The Athlete Lab

    Preseason is the foundation. Prioritizing recovery methods like cold plunges, mobility drills, and balanced strength work keeps athletes durable and performing at their peak.
    Headshot

    Odessa K

    CEO of @sweatofffitness & @o.k.training.

    Comparison Table

    Rank Team 2024 AGL Rank Key Medical Leadership Notable Strengths Key Challenges/Setbacks
    1 Philadelphia Eagles 2nd Tom Hunkele (VP Sports Medicine) 93% of players say trainers meet needs; 89% satisfied with PT Training facilities rank 22nd in NFLPA report
    2 Chicago Bears 3rd Andre Tucker (Sr. Director Sports Medicine) Regular health performance meetings; well-coordinated care Limited past data on new S&C team
    3 Baltimore Ravens 1st Adrian Dixon (Head AT) Top AGL in 2024; modern recovery facilities Poor F-minus rating in 2023 NFLPA survey
    4 Jacksonville Jaguars 9th Jeff Ferguson (Director AT) Full hot/cold tub availability; training room ranks 7th Family care rated F (31st place)
    5 Atlanta Falcons 4th Jake Pfeil (Director Sports Medicine) Best weight room equipment; strength coaches rank 5th More PT staff needed
    6 Kansas City Chiefs 14th Rick Burkholder (VP Sports Medicine) Staff with 26 years experience; strong injury protocols Facilities near bottom at 31st
    7 Minnesota Vikings 10th Tyler Williams (VP Player Health) 94% get individual treatment; training staff ranks 2nd No specific issues noted
    8 Denver Broncos 6th Beau Lowery (VP Player Health) Lost only 95 games in 2024 Past performance data lacking
    9 Washington Commanders 5th Al Bellamy (Head AT) Well-structured organization; better NFLPA rankings Training area ranks low at 29th
    10 Green Bay Packers 7th Bryan Engel (VP Player Health) Named 2024's best NFL Athletic Training Staff Must improve from 24th place in 2023
    11 Buffalo Bills 8th Nate Breske (Head AT) Known worldwide for emergency response Only 75% have enough full-time trainers
    12 Pittsburgh Steelers 18th Dr. James Bradley (Head Team Physician) Leaders in concussion assessment Average performance overall
    13 Cincinnati Bengals 15th Matt Summers (Director Sports Medicine) 96% receive individual treatment NFLPA ranks facilities 24th
    14 Seattle Seahawks 16th David Stricklin (Head AT) Uses GPS tracking and monitoring Recent draft picks face injury issues
    15 Tennessee Titans 12th Zac Woodfin (Director Sports Performance) 90% have custom training plans PT staff shortage affects 25%
    16 Dallas Cowboys 19th Jim Maurer (Head AT) Experienced staff; proven rehab methods Off-site recovery creates communication gaps
    17 Tampa Bay Buccaneers 17th Bobby Slater (VP Sports Medicine) Strength coaches rank 6th with A grade Ongoing facility plumbing issues
    18 New York Giants 13th Ronnie Barnes (SVP Medical Services) Smooth clinic and weight room flow Key players continue to face injuries
    19 LA Chargers 11th Salvador Lopez (Head AT), Marco Zucconi (Dir. Player Health) Moved up from #22 to #11 in AGL; 4,000 sq-ft training room with hydrotherapy pool Shows promise but remains vulnerable
    20 LA Rams 23rd Reggie Scott (SVP Sports Medicine), Byron Cunningham (Dir. Sports Medicine) Fell from top spot in 2023 to 23rd in 2024; Currently using temporary facilities Health metrics show high variability
    21 NY Jets 20th David Zuffelato (Head AT), Erik Korem (Dir. Player Performance) Climbed from 27th to 20th in AGL; NFLPA report highlights worn, stained facilities Preparedness falls below league standards
    22 Indianapolis 22nd Erin Barill (Dir. Sports Medicine), Kyle Davis (Head AT) Stays in bottom half regularly; Added dedicated rehabilitation roles Has framework but needs better results
    23 Miami 28th Dave Puloka (Dir. Player Performance) Dropped from 21st to 28th in AGL; Uses Kitman Labs 3D video technology Talented staff faces ongoing challenges
    24 Houston 21st Roland Ramirez (Dir. Sports Medicine), Pete Ruby (Dir. Rehabilitation) Rose from 32nd to 21st in AGL; Leads blood flow restriction training Shows progress despite poor track record
    25 Detroit 25th Todd Bastin (Medical Operations) Ranks in bottom 4 for AGL in 2024; Runs three-hour injury clinic every Monday Defense faces severe health challenges
    26 New Orleans 29th Ted Rath (Dir. Sports Performance) Plummeted from 5th to 29th in 2024; $12M facility upgrades in progress Health metrics show sharp decline
    27 New England 24th Jim Whalen (VP Sports Medicine), Joe Van Allen (Dir. Rehabilitation) Poor AGL performance two years straight; Plans announced for $50M facility upgrade Ongoing player availability problems
    28 Las Vegas 31st Chris Cortez (Head AT) Tumbled from 2nd to 31st in AGL; Features Gatorade Fuel Bar for nutrition Health metrics reversed dramatically
    29 Cleveland 27th Pat Rock (Head AT), Ryan Curtis (Dir. Health Innovation) Players miss many games; Facilities show wear and stains Poor results match subpar facilities
    30 Arizona 26th Drew Krueger (Head AT), Evan Marcus (Head S&C) Stays in bottom tier two years running; Ranks at bottom of NFLPA facility grades Health metrics remain consistently low
    31 Carolina 30th Denny Kellington (VP Player Health) Ranks among bottom 3 in AGL; NFL's lowest-rated facilities Needs complete organizational overhaul
    32 SF 49ers 32nd Dustin Little (Head Sports Medicine) Dropped to worst AGL after being top-4 in 2023; Practice now runs under 90 minutes Unprecedented injury-plagued season

    Physical dominance sets successful NFL teams apart, as our detailed power rankings show. Our analysis reveals how strong medical systems directly affect performance on the field. The Philadelphia Eagles, Chicago Bears, and Baltimore Ravens earned their top three spots by investing in medical, rehabilitation, and strength programs that keep players ready to play.

    Without doubt, the most physically dominant teams share common traits. They manage to keep excellent communication between their medical staff and strength coaches. This creates a smooth path from injury to rehabilitation and back to practice. These teams utilize data to track player workloads and recovery. They also follow clear return-to-play protocols that put long-term health before quick comebacks.

    The Eagles' success shows how trust-based recovery paths lead to championship performance. Their "healthy → dip → healthy again" pattern proves how well-designed medical systems build resilience. The Ravens also made huge strides under Adrian Dixon, which shows how focusing on medical excellence can quickly transform a team's injury record.

    Surprisingly, better facilities don't always mean fewer injuries. The Chiefs rank sixth despite having basic facilities, while some teams with cutting-edge complexes still struggle. This difference shows that experienced medical professionals making good decisions matter more than having the latest equipment.

    A clear pattern shows up in these rankings: teams with position-specific training programs for "bigs," "mids," and "skills" do better than those using the same approach for everyone. On top of that, teams using advanced monitoring tech keep their players healthier throughout the NFL season.

    Playoff spots often depend more on keeping players healthy than pure talent. The Jaguars and Falcons use excellent medical systems to keep their stars playing, while struggling teams face ongoing soft-tissue injuries and slow recovery times.

    As NFL plays get more complex and athletic demands grow, these physical dominance rankings will better predict success. Even the smartest offensive system fails without healthy players to run it. Teams must invest in detailed programs that blend medical care, rehabilitation expertise, and strength training to keep players ready for important games.

    The proof is clear - championships come from more than draft picks and free agency. Elite medical care and scientific strength programs keep players healthy when it counts most.

    *Disclaimer

    Our power rankings system analyzes team health metrics from several angles. The complexity of injury data requires someexplanation.

    The statistics for AGL, games/points lost,and practice availability come from public sources and team announcements.These numbers serve as estimates rather than exact measurements. Injuries vary based on many factors that no one can control.

    We did not access or use any protected health information in this analysis. The rankings follow clear criteria: 70%comes from availability impact, 20% from three-year trend stability, and 10%from program indicators like return-to-play protocols and team communication.

    Key Takeaways

    Physical dominance in the NFL isn't just about talent—it's about keeping that talent healthy and available when it matters most.

    Philadelphia Eagles lead through trust-based rehabilitation: Their medical staff prioritizes long-term player health over short-term availability, creating individualized care pathways that players fully embrace.

    Injury prevention beats talent acquisition: Teams like Baltimore Ravens (best AGL in 2024) and Chicago Bears (3rd-fewest games lost) prove that superior medical infrastructure consistently outperforms raw talent.

    Integrated medical systems drive championship success: Elite teams seamlessly connect medical staff, rehabilitation specialists, and strength coaches rather than operating in silos.

    Data-driven monitoring prevents injuries before they happen: Teams using GPS tracking, workload assessment, and position-specific training programs maintain healthier rosters throughout brutal NFL seasons.

    Facility quality doesn't guarantee health: Kansas City ranks 6th despite poor facilities (31st league-wide), while teams with state-of-the-art complexes sometimes struggle with availability—experienced medical professionals matter more than equipment.

    The most successful NFL teams understand that availability isn't just ability—it's everything. Championship contenders consistently invest in comprehensive medical infrastructures that maximize player health, proving that the path to playoff success runs through training rooms, not just draft rooms.

    FAQs

    Q1. Which NFL team is projected to have the strongest defense in 2025?

    While it's difficult to predict with certainty, teams like the Philadelphia Eagles, Chicago Bears, and Baltimore Ravens are likely to field top defenses in 2025 based on their current physical dominance rankings and injury prevention strategies.

    Q2. How do NFL teams manage player health and injury prevention?

    NFL teams use a combination of advanced medical staff, rehabilitation protocols, strength and conditioning programs, and data-driven monitoring to keep players healthy. Top teams like the Eagles and Ravens have integrated systems connecting medical care, rehab, and strength training.

    Q3. What factors contribute to an NFL team's physical dominance?

    Key factors include the quality of medical and performance staff, effectiveness of rehab and return-to-play protocols, integration of strength and conditioning programs, and overall investment in player health facilities and technology.

    Q4. How important is injury prevention to an NFL team's success?

    Injury prevention is crucial for NFL success. Teams with superior medical infrastructure and lower Adjusted Games Lost (AGL) consistently outperform teams struggling with player availability, often making the difference between playoff contenders and also-rans.

    Q5. What innovations are NFL teams using to improve player health?

    Leading NFL teams are implementing data-driven methodologies like GPS tracking during practices, personalized training plans, advanced recovery technologies (e.g., cryotherapy), and position-specific conditioning programs to optimize player health and performance.

    Q6. How are NFL teams ranked in terms of physical dominance?

    Teams are ranked based on factors like Adjusted Games Lost(AGL), injury trends, medical staff quality, rehabilitation protocols, and strength and conditioning programs. The rankings consider a team's three-year performance pattern in these areas.

    Q7. Which NFL team has shown the most improvementin physical dominance?

    The Houston Texans made a remarkable leap, jumping from32nd (last place) in 2023 to 21st in AGL ranking for 2024. This significant improvement showcases their efforts in enhancing player health and availability.

    Q8. What impact do team facilities have ona team's physical dominance ranking?

    Team facilities play a crucial role. Forexample, the Arizona Cardinals ranked last in the NFLPA facility grades,contributing to their low physical dominance ranking. Conversely, teams with state-of-the-art facilities often perform better in these rankings.

    Q9. How do NFL teams approach playerrehabilitation and return-to-play protocols?

    Most NFL teams followindividualized approaches for player rehabilitation, avoiding set timeframes.They typically adhere to the NFL's standardized protocols, such as the five-step concussion protocol, while considering each player's unique medical history and risk factors.

    Q10. What are some common challenges teamsface in maintaining physical dominance?

    Teams often struggle with maintaining consistent player availability due to injuries. Facility limitations, staff turnover, and adapting to new health and performance strategies can also pose challenges. Even top-performing teams can experience dramatic swings in health metrics from year to year.

    As athletic training becomes more integrated with healthcare systems, the ability to properly bill for services is more important than ever. However, many athletic trainers and even administrators face confusion when it comes to proper coding, documentation, and choosing billing systems. Whether you're billing for athletic training services in a clinical setting or through a company like Athletico Physical Therapy, knowing the codes and claims process is essential for getting reimbursed and staying compliant.

    In this comprehensive guide, we'll break down athletic training billing, including essential CPT codes, the right billing software, a step-by-step claim example, and tips to avoid costly mistakes.

    Overview of Athletic Training Billing

    What Is Athletic Training Billing?

    Athletic training billing refers to the process of submitting claims for reimbursement of services provided by certified athletic trainers (ATCs). While athletic trainers are licensed professionals, billing them under insurance varies by state, payer, and setting.

    In clinical settings—like Athletico Physical Therapy—ATs often work under supervision of physical therapists, which can affect how and if their services are reimbursed.

    Billing vs. Documentation

    Billing focuses on how services are paid, while documentation captures what was done and supports medical necessity. Good documentation is essential to validate billing and withstand audits.

    Direct vs. Indirect Billing

    • Direct Billing: AT bills under their own NPI (rare; depends on payer policies)
    • Indirect Billing: ATs bill under a supervising provider (e.g., PT or MD)

    Athletico Billing Context

    Athletico, a leading physical therapy company, employs ATs across clinics and schools. Their billing department manages AT services often under physical therapy codes, and uses a centralized system for revenue cycle management. Understanding how billing flows in organizations like Athletico Physical Therapy is critical for context.

    Key CPT Codes for Athletic Training Services

    Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes represent the services delivered. Here are the most relevant CPT codes used in athletic training billing:

    SPRY CPT Codes

    CPT Code Reference

    Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation Billing Codes

    CPT Code Description & Clinical Application
    97110 Therapeutic Exercise – aimed at improving strength, range of motion, endurance, or flexibility
    97112 Neuromuscular Reeducation – used for balance, coordination, posture
    97116 Gait Training Therapy
    97140 Manual Therapy Techniques (e.g., mobilization, manipulation, manual lymphatic drainage)
    97530 Therapeutic Activities – involves dynamic activities like lifting, reaching, etc.
    97014 Electrical Stimulation (unattended) – commonly denied by MedicareHigh Risk
    97124 Massage Therapy
    97535 Self-Care/Home Management Training

    Note: These codes often require a licensed provider, and how ATs can use them depends on payer contracts.

    Software for Billing & Tracking

    Why Use Billing Software?

    Manually submitting claims is slow and error-prone. Professional billing software helps with:

    • CPT code integration
    • Insurance verification
    • Real-time claim tracking
    • Reimbursement rate analysis
    • Denial management

    Top Athletic Training Billing Software

    1. WebPT

    • Popular in outpatient and sports therapy settings
    • Supports ATs and PTs
    • Tracks documentation, billing, and compliance in one system

    2. Kareo

    • Designed for small practices and outpatient rehab
    • Offers claim submission, denial tracking, and analytics

    3. TheraBill (by WebPT)

    • Cloud-based billing solution focused on therapists
    • Ideal for clinics that include athletic trainers

    4. AdvancedMD

    • Offers EHR and revenue cycle management
    • Integrated tools for scheduling, documentation, and billing

    5. SimplePractice

    • Good for solo athletic trainers or contractors
    • Offers client billing, documentation, and automated claims submission

    Sample Claim Walkthrough

    Let’s walk through a simplified example of how an athletic training billing claim works from start to finish.

    SPRY Billing Process Flowchart

    Billing Process Workflow

    Athletic Training Insurance Claims & Reimbursement

    1

    Initial Evaluation

    The AT performs an injury assessment for a patient with a knee strain.

    CPT Code Used: 97110 (Therapeutic Exercise)
    Documentation: SOAP note outlining subjective pain, objective measurements, clinical assessment, and plan
    2

    Insurance Verification

    Before billing, the front desk or billing software verifies insurance eligibility, coverage for rehab services, and AT-specific policies.

    3

    Claim Creation

    Using billing software, a claim is generated:

    NPI Number: Supervising PT's NPI used (if AT cannot bill directly)
    ICD-10 Code: M25.561 (Pain in Right Knee)
    Place of Service: 11 (Clinic)
    4

    Submission to Insurance

    Claim is submitted electronically via clearinghouse or direct portal.

    5

    Insurance Response

    Insurance reviews and processes the submitted claim.

    ✓ Claim Approved

    Reimbursement paid based on fee schedule

    ✗ Claim Denied

    Reason provided (e.g., "unqualified provider" or "non-covered service")

    6

    Appeals or Adjustments

    If denied, the billing team initiates a correction or appeals process.

    Common Billing Mistakes and How to Avoid Them

    Using the Wrong Provider NPI

    ATs often cannot bill under their own National Provider Identifier. Billing under the wrong NPI leads to denials. Use a supervising provider’s NPI unless your payer explicitly allows direct AT billing.

    Incomplete or Vague Documentation

    Your billing is only as strong as your documentation. Incomplete SOAP notes or generic phrases (like “treated knee”) can lead to audit flags. Use precise language and objective data.

    Incorrect CPT or ICD-10 Codes

    Choosing a CPT code that doesn’t match the services performed—or an ICD-10 code that doesn’t justify medical necessity—causes claim rejection.

    Billing for Non-Covered Services

    Some services provided by ATs may not be covered under a patient’s insurance. Always verify benefits beforehand.

    Delayed Submissions

    Each payer has a timely filing limit—often 90 or 180 days. Late submissions won’t be reimbursed. Use billing software alerts to stay within deadlines.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    1. Can athletic trainers bill insurance directly?
    It depends. Some states and payers allow it, but most ATs bill under a supervising provider like a PT or MD.

    2. What CPT codes are most commonly used by ATs?
    Codes like 97110, 97112, 97140, and 97530 are frequently used for exercise therapy and manual techniques.

    3. Does Medicare reimburse for athletic training services?
    Generally, no. Medicare does not recognize ATs as billable providers. Services must be billed through a PT or physician.

    4. How does billing work at Athletico Physical Therapy?
    ATs often bill under physical therapy codes supervised by a PT. Athletico’s billing department handles submission, denials, and payer communication.

    5. What’s the best software for athletic training billing?
    WebPT and TheraBill are strong options for clinics. For solo ATs, SimplePractice or Kareo offers flexible features.

    6. Can you use SOAP notes for billing documentation?
    Absolutely. SOAP notes support medical necessity and justify services rendered, making them essential for claims.

    Conclusion

    Proper billing for athletic training services is more than just submitting codes—it’s about understanding payer rules, choosing the right software, and documenting with precision. Whether you're in private practice, working in a clinic like Athletico, or managing school-based programs, streamlining your billing process increases revenue, compliance, and peace of mind.

    Use the correct CPT codes, adopt efficient billing software, and train your staff to avoid common errors. In doing so, athletic trainers can elevate their profession’s recognition and secure fair compensation for the care they provide.

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